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As we all know, sports fans around the US can’t wait for the next NFL season to start. It is unclear whether it’s the competitiveness between the teams, the joy of winning, or a sense of belonging to a group that makes football the most popular sport in the country.
There are many uncertainties around it, but one thing about football is undeniable – violence is a huge part of the sport.
Soccer, on the other hand, does not tolerate violence. Its rules and laws are strictly defined and aim to prevent and penalize this behavior. However, as with any fast-paced team sport, offenses involving contact between players are unavoidable.
For this reason (and more), soccer has fouls. With extensive research on the topic, we’ve taken a fairly complicated set of rules and tried to make a guide on soccer fouls that can be useful to newcomers and seasoned soccer veterans.
Read on to find out what discovered fouls exist, what soccer fouls exist, and how they are reprimanded.
Types of soccer fouls: What is considered a foul in soccer?
The laws of the game of soccer, which are clearly defined by the FA, state that acts that the referee of the match considers unfair all fall into the category of fouls and misconduct.
Any offense in soccer can be considered a foul, misconduct, or even both at the same time, depending on the circumstances in which it has been committed.
The FA’s Law 12 deals with these issues in the department, and you can read about them in detail by following the link. If you’re not a soccer referee, or you don’t feel like reading through all of the details of the law, here is a simpler version:
For an offense to be considered a foul that warrants a free-kick or even additional reprimanding, it must interfere with the match’s active play.
Once the game’s officials recognize that this type of offense has been committed, a free kick, or a penalty kick in some cases, is awarded to the opposing team.
In case you’re a soccer geek in the making and you’re wondering what all of the offenses that may lead to a foul being called are, we’ve created a detailed list to enable your inevitable soccer addiction.
The list can also be useful to seasoned soccer fans who want to know more about their favorite game. Here is the list of soccer offenses that can lead to a foul:
1. Kicking
Kicking an opposing player is one of the most common ways that fouls in soccer are committed.
Even an attempt to kick is considered a foul. Intentional kicking, or attempting to kick, is an example of unsportsmanlike behavior. If found intentional, kicking can be reprimanded with the ultimate soccer punishment – the red card (more later).
2. Tripping
Tripping an opposing player is a serious foul, especially considering its consequences: Tripping a sprinting attacker can lead to serious injuries and, if done intentionally, a confrontation between the two teams.
For this reason, soccer referees won’t hesitate to punish those who trip opposing players during active play severely.
This action can, of course, also happen unintentionally. In this case, the consequences for the offender are usually milder.
3. Jumping
Jumping in itself is not considered a foul in soccer. However, jumping into an opponent, especially in an aerial duel when going for a header, can quickly turn ugly.
This is why those players who jump without regard for their own and others’ safety are often punished in soccer.
As undeniably fun as these duels can be, we must remember that soccer is a non-violent sport and that the safety of the players is the number one priority.
4. Charging
Here’s what is possibly the most common cause of free kicks in soccer – charging. This is another commonly used maneuver in soccer, which can when performed improperly, place all participants in a dangerous and potentially injury-causing situation.
This is why charging into an opponent is more than frowned upon by soccer referees in all levels of soccer.
5. Pushing
We are commonly witnesses to the situations where soccer players are running side to side when one of them falls. In the heat of the moment, soccer players can push their opponent during a tight duel.
This will certainly lead to a follow being called, whether the fouled player falls to the ground or not.
There’s also a tricky side to this soccer foul: We have also seen simulated falls during tight duels, which is a foul in itself and can be extremely hard to recognize instantly.
6. Tackling from behind
There aren’t many situations where soccer referees won’t hesitate to reach for the red card – tackling from behind is one of them. This might be one of the most severe fouls, and it almost certainly carries a card as a punishment.
Depending on whether the referee believes that there was an intention to the move, the card that he shows to the tackler can even be red.
7. Tackling and making contact before making contact with the ball
Tackles are another fun aspect of soccer. There are not many moves that look as good as a well-executed tackle. When executed cleanly, the player will tackle the ball and avoid the attacker altogether.
The tackling player can only contact the tackled one if he makes contact with the ball first.
A foul is called if the first thing they hit during the tackle is the opposing player. Depending on the severity of the tackle, as well as the perceived intention behind it, a card might be issued.
8. Holding
Holding an opponent during active play is strictly forbidden in soccer. This means that even players who don’t possess the ball can be fouled.
There are different types of holding, from subtle jersey pinches that we commonly see during free kicks to the more obvious pulling and violent thugs.
9. Touching the ball with your hands
Another big no-no in soccer is touching the ball with your hands. Unless you’re a goalkeeper, there’s no situation in which you can touch the ball with your hands while it’s in the field of play.
Whether the ball hits a player when it has been kicked, or they touch it intentionally, a foul will be called by the match officials.
Soccer foul consequences: What are the penalties for committing a foul in soccer?
A free-kick comes out as a consequence of most fouls in soccer. In cases when the defending team causes a foul in their own box, a penalty kick is awarded to the attacking soccer team.
Even though, in most cases, soccer fouls are just awarded a free kick, some instances require a more severe punishment for the offending player, as apparent from the previous section of this article.
In these cases, the referee can issue the player with one of the cards that all main officials carry during every match. The first one is colored yellow, while the other one is red. Here’s a bit more on both:
1. Yellow card
A yellow card is the first of the two major means to discipline players who step over the line. Being the first major warning, this card is mostly used to caution players who have stepped over the line.
Any soccer player who receives a yellow card is not out of the game and can continue playing.
Here are the situations that are guaranteed to lead to a yellow card for the offending player:
- Unsportsmanlike behavior
- Arguing with the referee’s decision
- Committing excessive fouls
- Intentional game delaying
- Exiting or entering the field without the referee’s permission
2. Red card
The more drastic measure of disciplining soccer players is issuing the red card. This card means that the player receiving it has grossly injured the game’s rules, and it also means that he is expelled from the rest of the match.
If you think that this isn’t severe enough, it should be also kept in mind that the team is not allowed to replace the expelled player and that they must play the rest of the match with one player fewer.
Here are the situations that lead to a red card:
- Serious fouls
- Violent actions against the game officials or other players
- Hand use to stop a goal
- Cursing or using bad language
- Receiving a second yellow card
If they find any foul offense slightly over the line but not severe enough to warrant a card use, they can verbally warn the offending player as an additional consequence of committing a foul.
This means that that specific player will be under close observation for the rest of the match and that they are more likely to be facing a yellow, or even a direct red, card.
Goalkeeper fouls: When is a foul called on a goalkeeper in soccer?
Fouls in soccer don’t always mean that there has been a violent act, either intentional or unintentional. Sometimes, a foul is called on a goalkeeper if they mishandled the ball. There are three instances in which a goalkeeper can commit a foul:
- Holding the ball for over 6 seconds
- Passing the ball using his hands only to receive it back into his hands after it’s been kicked back by a teammate
- Touching the ball with his hands directly from a throw-in performed by a teammate
In all of these cases, an indirect free kick is called. This means that the team awarded the indirect free kick cannot attempt the opponent’s goal directly despite the ball being located within the penalty box.
As frustrating as it sounds, the ball must contact another player before being returned to the one performing the free-kick or directed towards the opponent’s goal.
There is plenty of confusion that surrounds goalkeeper fouls and indirect free kicks. Luckily for all of us, indirect free kicks, and goalkeeper fouls in general, are not a common thing in modern soccer.
Soccer foul frequency: How often are fouls committed in soccer?
According to the older Premier League statistics, there are 23 fouls per game in this league. Looking at the 2020/21 season data for the entire European continent, we can see that the top teams, such as Arsenal, Barcelona, and Bayern, commit a foul every 10 minutes.
In 30 or more matches, all 3 of these superstar teams have committed around 300 fouls, which is extraordinary.
Comparing the other end of the same data chart, we can see that lower-tier teams, such as the Greek PAS Giannina and Volos NFC, as well as the Serbian FK Backa Palanka, can’t manage to play more than 5 minutes without a foul play whistle going off. These teams averaged 600+ fouls in just over 30 matches during the 2020/21 season.
When it comes to red cards, looking at the data derived from nearly 20,000 games across the top 5 soccer leagues, we can see that close to 4,600 red cards were shown.
An average of nearly 400 minutes of game time between two red cards being shown. This means roughly 1 in 5 games sees a red card.
Soccer fouls and referee’s judgment: Are they always right?
Follow the rules the officials write and monitor what’s happening on the field. Even though it seems as simple as this at first glance, the job of a soccer referee is much more complex.
Ultimately, they determine that acts are actionable while following broad rules and categorizations.
This is why we can find their decisions controversial and questionable at times. In these situations, we need to remember that those referees are much more familiar with the specific circumstances under which some laws of the game are administered.
During the last few decades, the technology that tracks the play has been implemented, reducing the potential for human error to a minimum. Still, one thing should be kept in mind:
Even though FIFA and the FA have issued an extensive list of rules for soccer, we still must remember that the practical application of those rules is in the hands of human beings who are prone to making mistakes.
So, the next time your favorite soccer team is not awarded a foul, try to get less mad at the referee.